Plot Synopsis (continued)
Following the funeral services for Edward George Ruddy,
Max Schumacher is reacquainted with Diana as she hails a taxi, and
they head downtown for a cup of coffee together:
Max: I've thought many times of calling you.
Diana: I wish you had.
According to Diana, Sybil the Soothsayer has continued
to predict that she will get more involved "with a craggy, middle-aged
man" after their "one many-splendored night." Although
she took his news show away, he still can't get her out of his mind.
They begin their affair with a weekend together by the beach at the
Sea Spray Inn, while Max's wife is out of town with their pregnant
daughter in Seattle. Even during intimate moments in the restaurant
and afterwards during sex, Diana can't restrain herself from talking
enthusiastically about programming challenges regarding the Mao Tse
Tung Hour. The troublesome show ("one big pain in the ass")
has been placed at eight o'clock with a terrific lead-in from the
Howard Beale Show, and the FBI has already served them with a subpoena
for the Flagstaff bank rip-off film. She fears that the show cannot
be made into a series because "they'll hit us with conspiracy
and inducement to commit a crime," since UBS is paying "these
nuts from the Ecumenical Liberation Army ten thousand bucks a week
in order to turn in authentic film footage of their revolutionary
activities." But Diana longs to be sued - it would mean higher
ratings:
I said, 'Walter, let the government sue us! Let the
federal government sue us. We'll take them to the Supreme Court.
We'll be front page for months.' The New York Times and
the Washington Post will be writing two editorials a week
about us. We'll be front page for months. We'll have more press
than Watergate! All I need is six weeks federal litigation, and
the 'Mao Tse-tung Hour' can start carrying its own time slot. (She
experiences orgasm.) What's really bugging me now is my daytime
programming. NBC's got a lock on daytime with their lousy game
shows, and I'd like to bust them. I'm thinking of doing a homosexual
soap opera. 'The Dykes.' The heart-rending saga about a woman hopelessly
in love with her husband's mistress. What do you think?
In a tense scene in their apartment, Max divulges his
month-long, obsessive affair with Diana (he calls the relationship "a
transient thing" and "a menopausal infatuation") to
his wife of twenty-five years, Louise. After his confession, his
long-suffering wife berates him for his unfaithfulness and "love" for
Diana in a famous, Oscar-winning monologue:
Then get out. Go anywhere you want. Go to a hotel,
go live with her, but don't come back! Because, after 25 years
of building a home and raising a family and all the senseless pain
that we have inflicted on each other, I'm damned if I'm gonna stand
here and have you tell me you're in love with somebody else! Because
this isn't a convention weekend with your secretary, is it? Or
- or some broad that you picked up after three belts of booze.
This is your great winter romance, isn't it? Your last roar of
passion before you settle into your emeritus years. Is that what's
left for me? Is that my share? She gets the winter passion, and
I get the dotage? What am I supposed to do? Am I supposed to sit
home knitting and purling while you slink back like some penitent
drunk? I'm your wife, damn it! And, if you can't work up a winter
passion for me, the least I require is respect and allegiance!
(She sobs) I'm hurt! Don't you understand that? I'm hurt badly!
In answer to Louise's question about whether Diana
loves him, Max Schumacher tells his wife about Diana's soul-less,
amoral, and heartless feelings, and then decides to move out and
leave his wife:
I'm not sure she's capable of any real feelings.
She's television generation. She learned life from Bugs Bunny.
The only reality she knows comes to her from over the TV set. She
has very carefully devised a number of scenarios for all of us
to play, like a Movie of the Week. And, my God, look at us, Louise.
Here we are going through the obligatory middle-of-act-two 'scorned
wife throws peccant husband out' scene. But don't worry, I'll
come back to you in the end. All of her plot outlines have me
leaving her and coming back to you because the audience won't
buy a rejection of the happy American family. She does have one
script in which I kill myself - an adapted for television version
of Anna Karenina where she's Count Vronsky and I'm Anna.
The narrator describes further developments regarding
the Mao Tse Tung Hour:
The Mao Tse Tung Hour went on the air March 14th.
It received a 47 share. The network promptly committed to fifteen
shows with an option for ten more. There were the usual contractual
difficulties.
In the farmhouse of the Ecumenical Liberation Army
in one of the film's most outrageous scenes, lawyers and agents are
discussing lengthy, legalese contracts regarding their interpretations
of production fees with Great Ahmed Khan and Laureen. Exploding in
anger, Laureen refuses to lower her distribution charges. When Mary
Ann Gifford (Kathy Cronkite) and Laureen are embroiled in an argument
and Gifford yells "You f--kin' fascist!", Khan fires his
pistol into the air to silence both of them: "Man, give her
the f--kin' overhead clause!"
In a UBS Affiliates Convention in a major Los Angeles
hotel, Nelson Chaney (Wesley Addy), President of the UBS Network,
speaks at the spotlighted podium to a dignified group of people in
the grand ballroom, introducing Diana Christensen as "the woman
behind the Howard Beale Show - we all know she's beautiful, we all
know she's brainy." After a thunderous ovation from the audience,
she boasts to the affiliates: "We have the number one show in
television. And at next year's affiliates' meeting, I'll be standing
here telling you we've got the top five. Last year, we were the number
four network. Next year, we're number one."
On a TV perched on a bar in the cocktail area of the
ballroom, the Howard Beale show is being broadcast. During the show,
the "mad prophet" criticizes the growing economic take-over
power of Arabs, who are conspiratorially buying up parts of the US.
In fact, the conglomerate/corporation that owns Beale's network is
tied to Arab interests:
Now you listen to me. And listen carefully, because
this is your goddamn life I'm talking about today. In this country,
when one company wants to take over another company, they simply
buy up a controlling share of the stock. But first, they have to
file notice with the government. That's how CCA took over the company
that owns this network. But now somebody is buying up CCA. Somebody
called the Western World Funding Corporation. They filed the notice
this morning. Well, just who in the hell is the Western World Funding
Corporation?
It is a consortium of banks and insurance companies
who are not buying CCA for themselves but as agents for somebody
else. And who is this somebody else? They won't tell you. They
won't tell you, they won't tell the Senate, they won't tell the
SEC, the FCC, they won't tell the Justice Department, they won't
tell anybody. They say it's none of our business. The hell it ain't!
I will tell you who they're buying CCA for. They're buying it for
the Saudi-Arabian Investment Corporation. They're buying it for
the Arabs...
We all know that the Arabs control sixteen billion
dollars in this country. They own a chunk of Fifth Avenue, twenty
downtown pieces of Boston, a part of the port of New Orleans, an
industrial park in Salt Lake City. They own big hunks of the Atlanta
Hilton, the Arizona Land and Cattle Company, the Security National
Bank in California, the Bank of the Commonwealth in Detroit. They
control ARAMCO, so that puts them into Exxon, Texaco, and Mobil
Oil. They're all over - New Jersey, Louisville, St. Louis Missouri.
And that's only what we know about! There's a hell of a lot more
we don't know about because all of the those Arab petro-dollars
are washed through Switzerland and Canada and the biggest banks
in this country. For example, what we don't know about is this
CCA deal and all the other CCA deals. Right now, the Arabs have
screwed us out of enough American dollars to come right back and
with our own money, buy General Motors, IBM, ITT, AT&T, DuPont,
US Steel, and twenty other American companies. Hell, they already
own half of England.
So listen to me. Listen to me, god-dammit! The Arabs
are simply buying us. There's only one thing that can stop them.
You! You! So, I want you to get up now. I want you to get up out
of your chairs. I want you to get up right now and go to the phone.
I want you to get up from your chairs, go to the phone, get in
your cars, drive into the Western Union offices in town. I want
you to send a telegram to the White House. By midnight tonight,
I want a million telegrams in the White House. I want them wading
knee-deep in telegrams at the White House. I want you to get up
right now and write a telegram to President Ford saying: 'I'm
as mad as hell and I'm not gonna take this anymore! I don't
want the banks selling my country to the Arabs! I want the CCA
deal stopped now!' I want the CCA deal stopped now.
Simultaneously, Frank Hackett speaks on the phone with
an executive in New York (City) who has become disturbed by the effectiveness
of the evening's Howard Beale Show. Frank ends the conversation and
watches part of the show at the cocktail bar television. Later, he
and other UBS dismayed executives watch a taped replay of the end
of the show. After the show's traditional tirade, Howard customarily
keels over and collapses on the floor.
Walter Amundsen (Jerome Dempsey), the General Counsel
of the Network, is told by Frank Hackett about his knowledge of the
CCA deal with the Saudis:
The CCA has two billions in loans with the Saudis.
And they hold every pledge we've got. We need that Saudi money
bad. A disaster. The show is a disaster. Unmitigated disaster,
the death knell. I'm ruined, I'm dead, I'm finished...The SEC could
hold this deal up for twenty years if they wanted to. I'm finished...Four
hours ago, I was the sun God at CCA, Mr. Jensen's hand-picked golden
boy, the heir apparent. Now, I'm a man without a corporation.
And although Howard Beale is "the number one show
on television," Hackett is fierce with anger and "wants
Howard Beale fired...I'm gonna impale the son of a bitch with a sharp
stick through the heart! I'll take out a contract on him. I'll hire
professional killers. No, I'll do it myself. I'll strangle him with
a sash-cord." Hackett and Beale are summoned back to New York
on a red-eye flight to meet with Jensen, the UBS Chairman of the
Board. In the CCA Building the next morning, Howard (imbued with
madness) accompanies Hackett up the stairs, crying out with his arms
upraised: "The final revelation is at hand. I have seen the
shattering fulgurations of ultimate clarity. The light is impending!
I bear witness to the light!" During introductions with Jensen,
Howard tells him: "I'm as mad as a hatter."
The all-consummate corporate pitchman and business
magnate Arthur Jensen, an ex-salesman, summons Beale into his imposing
conference room ("Valhalla"):
"They say I can sell anything. I'd like to try to sell something
to you."
In one of the best-acted scenes in the film, Jensen devastates Beale
with an evangelical lecture - a hypnotic, spell-binding, convincing,
God-like oratorical speech (mocking Beale's own style) about the facts
of international business and commerce - the corporate mentality. He
describes the unimportance of individuals and the overarching omnipotence
of currency as the center of the universe:
You have meddled with the primal forces of nature,
Mr. Beale, and I won't have it, is that clear?! You think you have
merely stopped a business deal - that is not the case! The Arabs
have taken billions of dollars out of this country, and now they
must put it back. It is ebb and flow, tidal gravity, it is ecological
balance. You are an old man who thinks in terms of nations and
peoples. There are no nations! There are no peoples! There are
no Russians! There are no Arabs! There are no Third Worlds! There
is no West! There is only one holistic system of systems, one vast
and immane (definition: huge or monstrous), interwoven, interacting,
multi-variate, multi-national dominion of dollars! Petro-dollars,
electro-dollars, multi-dollars, reichmarks, rins, rubles, pounds
and shekels! It is the international system of currency which determines
the totality of life on this planet. That is the natural order
of things today. That is the atomic, and subatomic and galactic
structure of things today. And you have meddled with the primal
forces of nature, and you will atone!
He pauses for a moment - and speaks normally with a
question to Beale, but then continues:
Am I getting through to you, Mr. Beale? You get up
on your little twenty-one inch screen and howl about America and
democracy. There is no America. There is no democracy. There is
only IBM, and ITT, and AT and T, and DuPont, Dow, Union Carbide,
and Exxon - those are the nations of the world today. What do you
think the Russians talk about in their councils of state - Karl
Marx? They get out their linear programming charts, statistical
decision theories and mini-max solutions and compute the price-cost
probabilities of their transactions and investments just like we
do. We no longer live in a world of nations and ideologies, Mr.
Beale. The world is a college of corporations, inexorably determined
by the immutable by-laws of business. The world is a business,
Mr. Beale. It has been since man crawled out of the slime, and
our children will live, Mr. Beale, to see that perfect world in
which there's no war or famine, oppression or brutality. One vast
and ecumenical holding company, for whom all men will work to serve
a common profit, in which all men will hold a share of stock, all
necessities provided, all anxieties tranquilized, all boredom amused.
And I have chosen you to preach this evangel, Mr. Beale.
When Beale asks, "Why me?" Jensen replies: "Because
you're on television, dummy. Sixty million people watch you every
night of the week, Monday through Friday. (Beale: "I have seen
the face of God.") You just might be right, Mr. Beale."
Terrified, Beale is pressured and forced by Jensen
to start preaching about dehumanization and the death of democracy.
He returns to the airwaves to preach Jensen's corporate truth, championing
corporate rather than individual human rights: "That evening,
Howard Beale went on the air to preach the corporate cosmology of
Arthur Jensen":
Last night, I got up here and asked you people to
stand up and fight for your heritage, and you did, and it was beautiful.
Six million telegrams were received at the White House. The Arab
takeover of CCA has been stopped. The people spoke, the people
won. It was a radiant eruption of democracy. But I think that was
it, fellas. That sort of thing is not likely to happen again. Because
at the bottom of all our terrified souls, we know that democracy
is a dying giant, a sick, sick dying, decaying political concept,
writhing in its final pain. I don't mean that the United States
is finished as a world power. The United States is the richest,
the most powerful, the most advanced country in the world, light-years
ahead of any other country. And I don't mean the Communists are
gonna take over the world because the Communists are deader than
we are. What is finished is the idea that this great country is
dedicated to the freedom and flourishing of every individual in
it. It's the individual that's finished. It's the single, solitary
human being that's finished. It's every single one of you out there
that's finished. Because this is no longer a nation of independent
individuals. It's a nation of some two hundred odd million transistorized,
deodorized, whiter-than-white, steel-belted bodies, totally unnecessary
as human beings and as replaceable as piston rods. Well, the time
has come to say is 'dehumanization' such a bad word?' Whether it's
good or bad, that's what is so. The whole world is becoming humanoid,
creatures that look human but aren't. The whole world, not just
us. We're just the most advanced country, so we're getting there
first. The whole world's people are becoming mass-produced, programmed,
numbered, insensate things...
However, the ratings for the Howard Beale show begin
to fall again, now that he has alienated his viewing audience by
preaching about the meaningless of their individual lives (and about "dying,
democracy, and de-humanization"). The narrator describes the
effect upon ratings:
Nobody particularly cared to hear his life was utterly
valueless. By the end of the first week in June, the Howard Beale
show had dropped one point in the ratings, and its trend of shares
dipped under 48 for the first time since last November.
Diana panics: "Another couple of weeks of this
and the sponsors will be bailing out." And as time goes on,
the relationship and affair between the middle-aged Schumacher and
the youthful Diana also starts to fade and turns sour, especially
when Max sees her concealed behind a mask of cold cynicism and insensitivity.
He feels guilty about the pain and suffering he has caused, senses
his impending mortality, and begs for her to express her love:
And I'm tired of finding you on the god-damn telephone
every time I turn around. I'm tired of being an accessory in your
life! And I'm tired of pretending to write this dumb book about
my maverick days in the great early years of television. Every
god-damned executive fired from a network in the last twenty years
has written this dumb book about the great early years of television.
And nobody wants a dumb, damn, god-damn book about the great years
of television...After living with you for six months, I'm turning
into one of your scripts. Well, this is not a script, Diana. There's
some real actual life going on here. I went to visit my wife today
because she's in a state of depression, so depressed that my daughter
flew all the way from Seattle to be with her. And I feel lousy
about that. I feel lousy about the pain that I've caused my wife
and my kids. I feel guilty and conscience-stricken and all of those
things that you think sentimental but which my generation called
simple human decency. And I miss my home because I'm beginning
to get scared s--tless. Because all of a sudden, it's closer to
the end than it is to the beginning, and death is suddenly a perceptible
thing to me - with definable features. You're dealing with a man
that has primal doubts, Diana, and you've got to cope with it.
I'm not some guy discussing male menopause on the 'Barbara Walters
Show'. I'm the man that you presumably love. I'm part of your life.
I live here. I'm real. You can't switch to another station...I
just want you to love me. I just want you to love me, primal doubts
and all. You understand that, don't you?
Diana, raised within the world of ratings and soul-less
television scripts, feels no compassion about his real-life script
of guilt, pain and his need for love: "I don't know how to do
that."
The ratings continue to plummet and the situation is
becoming desperate:
"By the first week in July, the Howard Beale show was down eleven
points. Hysteria swept through the network." Lauren Hobbs rails
against Diana for being placed after the Beale show, and for being
set-up against competitors on other networks: CBS's Tony Orlando
and Dawn, NBC's Little House on the Prairie, and ABC's The Bionic
Woman. Programming executives are at a loss - they have no adequate
replacements for Beale's time slot.
There are other indications that Diana's and Max's
affair is dying when she packs his things for him in her bedroom
and announces that she is cancelling 'their' show. Ultimately, they
have become emotionally dead to each other:
I think the time has come to re-evaluate our relationship,
Max. I don't like the way this script of ours is turning out. It's
turning into a seedy little drama. Middle-aged man leaves wife
and family for young heartless woman, goes to pot. The Blue
Angel with Marlene Dietrich and Emil Jannings. I - I don't
like it...The simple fact is, Max, that you're a family man. You
like a home and kids and that's beautiful. But I am incapable of
any such commitment. All you'll get from me is another couple of
months of intermittent sex and recriminate and ugly little scenes
like the one we had last night. I'm sorry for all those things
I said to you last night. You're not the worst f--k I ever had.
Believe me, I've had worse. And you don't puff or snorkle and make
death-like rattles. As a matter of fact, you're rather serene in
the sack.
Max questions her insult of him: "Why is it that
a woman always thinks that the most savage thing she can say to a
man is to impugn his cocks-manship?"
He realizes that he must leave Diana, but shows his concern for her
ultimate fate: "You're not the boozer type, so I figure a year,
maybe two before you crack up or jump out of your 14th floor office
window." Without any capability to provide emotional feedback,
she has become "television incarnate" by performing like
a vampire that sucks the life out of people:
Diana: I don't want your pain, I don't want your
menopausal decay and death! I don't need you, Max.
Max: You need me! You need me badly. Because I'm your last contact
with human reality. I love you, and that painful, decaying love is
the only thing between you and the shrieking nothingness you live
the rest of the day.
Diana: Then don't leave me.
Max: It's too late, Diana. There's nothing left in you that I can
live with. You're one of Howard's humanoids, and if I stay with you,
I'll be destroyed. Like Howard Beale was destroyed. Like Laureen
Hobbs was destroyed. Like everything that you and the institution
of television touch is destroyed. You're television incarnate, Diana,
indifferent to suffering, insensitive to joy. All of life is reduced
to the common rubble of banality. War, murder, death - all the same
to you as bottles of beer, and the daily business of life is a corrupt
comedy. You even shatter the sensations of time and space into split
seconds and instant replays. You're madness, Diana, virulent madness,
and everything you touch dies with you. But not me. Not as long as
I can feel pleasure and pain and love. (He kisses her farewell.)
And it's a happy ending. Wayward husband comes to his senses, returns
to his wife with whom he's established a long and sustaining love.
Heartless young woman left alone in her arctic desolation. Music
up with a swell. Final commercial. And here are a few scenes from
next week's show.
After meeting with Jensen, Hackett has been told to
keep Howard Beale on the air with his "very important message
to the American people." "With a certain sinister silkiness," Jensen
has told Hackett that he doesn't like volatile industries such as
television, "in which success and failure were determined week
by week." Jensen's "inflexible...intractable and adamantine"
position puts Diana and the rest of the network officials "in
the s--thouse,"
since Beale's ratings (Q score) have dropped precipitously in the "core
markets."
"It is Howard Beale that is the destructive force here," causing
a "forty, forty-five million dollar loss in annual revenues."
So in an emergency production meeting, the network
officials plot to kill Beale on camera in order to save the network
- Diana suggests an idea for a sensational show-opener: "I think
I can get the Mao Tse Tung people to kill Beale for us as one of
the shows. In fact, it'll make a helluva kick-off show for the season." As
they conspire together to commit "a capital crime" by killing "the
son of a bitch" (Diana's exact words), a long line of waiting
audience members parade into the UBS Building toward the studio and
their seats in the audience area.
In the final shocking scene, after the Howard Beale
segment is introduced, the news anchor is gunned down by two revolutionary
radicals in the audience who had been hired
by the network to do away with him. Beale pitches backwards from
the impact of multiple bullet wounds - bloodied.
[Note: A number of reputable sources have claimed
that one of the revolutionary assassins was an uncredited and young
actor named Tim Robbins, who would have been 17 at the time. However,
Robbins publicly stated that he did not appear in the film.
In a NY Times interview with Maureen Dowd on Feb. 3, 2018, Robbins
was asked to confirm or deny the statement: "You killed Howard Beale." He
replied: "I deny that. That’s a pretty pervasive rumor,
and I wish it were true because a lot of people say my first movie
was Network and
that’s a pretty damn good way to start. That guy looks a
lot like me, but no, I was only 17 at the time and I hadn’t
even started in the business."]
Jack Snowden, a newsman substituting for Howard Beale,
is displayed on one of four monitors on a bank of TV screens as he
delivers the news story. Snowden's words are dwarfed by simultaneously
running commercials (including Canada Dry's Bitter Lemon drink
("We never compromise, so why should you? Canada Dry Mixers.
Why compromise?"), and the famous Life cereal commercial
("Let's get Mikey to try it. He won't eat it. He hates everything...He
likes it! He likes it!")):
...the network news anchorman on the UBS Network
News Show, known to millions as 'the Mad Prophet of the Airwaves,'
was shot to death tonight in a fusilade of automatic rifle fire
just as he began this evening's broadcast...The extraordinary incident
occurred in full view of his millions of viewers. The assassins
were members of a terrorist group called the Ecumenical Liberation
Army, two of whom were apprehended. The leader of the group, known
as the Great Ahmed Khan, escaped.
The narrator adds a final epitaph:
This was the story of Howard Beale, the first
known instance of a man who was killed because he had lousy ratings.
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